Buss, D.M.(1989)
Sex differences in human mate preferences: Evolutionary hypotheses tested in 37 cultures
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 12(1)
Universal sex differences in mate preferences across 37 cultures (N=10,047): women value resources and ambition; men value youth and physical attractiveness.
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X00023992Buss, D.M. & Schmitt, D.P.(1993)
Sexual strategies theory: An evolutionary perspective on human mating
Psychological Review, 100(2)
Both men and women evolved distinct psychological mechanisms underlying short-term and long-term mating strategies, with 9 hypotheses and 22 predictions tested empirically.
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295X.100.2.204Schmitt, D.P.(2005)
Sociosexuality from Argentina to Zimbabwe: A 48-nation study of sex, culture, and strategies of human mating
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 28(2)
Sex differences in sociosexuality are culturally universal across 48 nations (N=14,059), but magnitude varies with gender equality and environmental harshness.
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X05000051Schmitt, D.P. et al.(2003)
Universal sex differences in the desire for sexual variety: Tests from 52 nations, 6 continents, and 13 islands
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 85(1)
Sex differences in desire for sexual variety are culturally universal across 52 nations (N=16,288), regardless of measurement index used.
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.85.1.85Schmitt, D.P. et al.(2004)
Patterns and universals of adult romantic attachment across 62 cultural regions: Are models of self and of other pancultural constructs?
Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 35(4)
Secure attachment normative in 79% of cultures (N=17,804). Men report higher dismissing attachment cross-culturally. Preoccupied attachment more prevalent in East Asia.
DOI: 10.1177/0022022104266105Fisher, H.E., Aron, A. & Brown, L.L.(2005)
Romantic love: An fMRI study of a neural mechanism for mate choice
Journal of Comparative Neurology, 493(1)
fMRI of 17 people intensely in love showed activation of dopamine-rich reward areas (VTA, caudate nucleus), suggesting romantic love uses reward systems for mate choice.
DOI: 10.1002/cne.20772Aron, A., Fisher, H., Mashek, D.J., Strong, G., Li, H. & Brown, L.L.(2005)
Reward, motivation, and emotion systems associated with early-stage intense romantic love
Journal of Neurophysiology, 94(1)
Early-stage romantic love activates subcortical dopaminergic reward and motivation systems (VTA, caudate nucleus), not primarily cortical emotion areas.
DOI: 10.1152/jn.00838.2004Acevedo, B.P., Aron, A., Fisher, H.E. & Brown, L.L.(2012)
Neural correlates of long-term intense romantic love
Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience, 7(2)
Long-term couples (avg 21.4 years married) show VTA and dopamine-rich reward activation similar to early-stage love, plus maternal attachment regions. Romantic love can endure.
DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsq092Trivers, R.L.(1972)
Parental investment and sexual selection
In B. Campbell (Ed.), Sexual Selection and the Descent of Man 1871-1971
The sex investing more in offspring is choosier about mates; the sex investing less competes more for access. Foundation of modern mate choice theory.
Singh, D.(1993)
Adaptive significance of female physical attractiveness: Role of waist-to-hip ratio
Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(2)
Men across age groups (25-85) judge women with low waist-to-hip ratio (WHR ~0.7) as more attractive, healthy, and of greater reproductive value.
DOI: 10.1037/0022-3514.65.2.293Singh, D. & Dixson, B.J.(2010)
Cross-cultural consensus for waist-hip ratio and women's attractiveness
Evolution and Human Behavior, 31(3)
Cross-cultural study in Cameroon, Indonesia, Samoa, and New Zealand confirms universal preference for low WHR regardless of BMI variation.
DOI: 10.1016/j.evolhumbehav.2009.09.001Gangestad, S.W. & Simpson, J.A.(2000)
The evolution of human mating: Trade-offs and strategic pluralism
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 23(4)
Humans evolved conditional mating strategies with trade-offs between genetic fitness cues and willingness to invest in offspring, modulated by environmental cues.
DOI: 10.1017/S0140525X0000337X